Wood joins from University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, where she served as chief people officer and deputy chief executive.
She has a strong track record of leadership, with nearly two decades of experience as a board director across both public and private sectors, including previous senior roles within the NHS and emergency services.
Wood said: ‘There is real opportunity ahead to continue innovating, to strengthen the quality of care we provide, and to make a lasting, positive impact for people across Wales.
‘I'm passionate about creating a working environment where our teams thrive and I'm deeply committed to enhancing colleague experience as a key driver of excellent patient care.'
Chair of the trust, Colin Dennis, said: ‘Emma brings a wealth of leadership experience and a clear passion for people and service improvement.
‘The board is confident that Emma's expertise, values, and inclusive leadership style will help drive the organisation forward and contribute to wider improvements across NHS Wales.'
Wood will formally take up her new role in early October.