The condition affects approximately 390,000 people in the UK, causing debilitating fatigue, sleep problems and difficulties with thinking, concentration and memory.
The training will feature up-to-date learning resources to increase understand and ensure signs aren't missed, DHSC said.
In addition, the rollout of neighbourhood health services, as set out in the government's 10-Year Health Plan, will also see ME/CFS patients able to access care closer to home, with specially-trained staff able to support those with complex needs.
Minister for public health and prevention, Ashley Dalton, said: ‘Today's plan will help tackle the stigma and lack of awareness of this condition through improved training for NHS staff.
‘And through our neighbourhood health services, we will ensure patients suffering from the effects of ME/CFS can access quality care, closer to home, as pledged in our 10-Year Health Plan.'
The plan also includes increased funding for research, awarded through the NIHR, into how existing medicines can be used to for ME/CFS. This initiative aims to give patients access to a wider range of potential treatments.
It will also address the specific needs of children and young people, ensuring they receive appropriate and timely support in education settings.